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XRD pattern of refractory material and reference patterns of identified crystallographic structures Electron microscopy studies of the microstructure. In order to gain more understanding on the source of the inclusions found in the glass products, a detailed inspection of the refractory materials is essential.
Get PriceX-ray diffraction is used for a wide variety of material characterization studies. Primarily, the technique identifies crystalline species in a material. For example, the specific iron oxide compound can be determined on steel scale. In addition to compound identification, XRD can also be used to determine strain, preferred orientation, crystallographic structure, and grain size of
Get PriceMaterial changes during operation: Application fields: catalysts, refractory materials, alloys,… The investigation of these processes is not only interesting for the scientific community, but also for many technological processes used in industry. Application examples will be given at the end of this article.
Get Price2004-3-31 · material • Measure the size ... constants or parameters which can be determined by XRD. Beryl crystals smallest building block Unit cell (cm) Lattice (Å) CsCl d 1 d 2 d 3 a b c b a g. Seven Crystal Systems - Review. Miller Indices: hkl - Review (010) Miller indices-the reciprocals of the fractional interceptswhich the plane
Get Price2020-11-29 · For smaller samples, the patterns determined using XRD analysis can be used to determine a sample’s composition. There is a large database of elements, compounds, and minerals that contain the diffraction patterns for elements, compounds, and minerals. The pattern for an unknown compound can be compared to the literature and experimentally ...
Get Price2012-4-18 · • The crystal structure describes the atomic arrangement of a material. • When the atoms are arranged differently, a different diffraction pattern is ... • When analyzing XRD data, we look for ... – dhklis a geometric function of the size and shape of the unit cell
Get Price2013-12-24 · The analyzed material consisted in a monolithic electro-fused commercial AZS refractory normal filling type (AZS ER 1681 RN, Saint-Gobain SEFPRO, Italy). Par-ticularly two samples (AZS1 y AZS2) of the material were studied coming from different blocks. For the anal-ysis samples were milled in Agatha mortar up to mesh 100.
Get Priceinvestigated material have a significant influence on creep [1-9]. The behaviour of refractory materials under high temperature load is highly affected by the presence of a glassy phase.
Get Price2020-10-23 · Analysis of the corrosion product by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed no corrosion product formation. Studies have shown that thermodynamic calculation can accurately predict the thermodynamic mechanism of alkali metal corrosion to refractory materials, and MgO is a good anti-alkali metal corrosion refractory material.
Get Price2013-12-24 · elaboration of mullite refractory materials between 1500˚C and 1600C. An X-ray diffraction ˚ (XRD) analysis showed that the refractory samples are composed of mullite, corundum and silica. The length of the mullite crystals was meas- ured by a method of image analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical and mechanical properties of
Get Priceinvestigated material have a significant influence on creep [1-9]. The behaviour of refractory materials under high temperature load is highly affected by the presence of a glassy phase.
Get PriceXRD is used mainly in contact trace analysis. Examples of contact traces are paint flakes, hair, glass fragments, stains of any description and loose powdered materials. Identification and comparison of trace quantities of material can help in the conviction or exoneration of a person suspected of involvement in a crime. Geological applications
Get Price2014-9-1 · The XRD pattern of the pristine AD is shown in Fig. 1a. The main crystalline phase is MgAl 2 O 4 (JCPDS 73-2210), with small amounts of CaAl 2 O 4 (JCPDS 70-0134). MgAl 2 O 4 is formed after the magnesium oxide reacts with aluminum oxide during melting. The magnesia–alumina spinel has a high melting point, which is beneficial to the successful synthesis of refractory materials.
Get Price2015-1-6 · Silicomanganese (SiMn) as an alloy supplies silicon and manganese to the steelmaking industry. It is produced through carbothermic reduction in a submerged arc furnace. The slag and metal are typically tapped through a single-level tap hole at 50 K (50 °C) below the process temperature of 1873 K to 1923 K (1600 °C to 1650 °C). In one tapblock refractory design configuration, the tap hole is ...
Get Price2014-6-1 · Kolli et al. have elaborated refractory material from kaolin (39.87% of SiO 2; 38.36% of Al 2 O 3). The calcined grog at 1350 °C/1 h, was used as aggregates with granulometric distribution composed of fine fraction (size: 100–250 μm) and coarse fraction (size: 1000–2500 μm). Crude kaolin (size <75 μm) was also used as a binder.
Get PriceThe relation between the atomic structure and the macroscopic properties and behaviors of a material constitute one of the objectives of the materials science, particularly in the design and development of ceramic materials.Crystalline and non crystalline phases together with pores, grain boundaries, etc. affect mechanical and fracture properties as well as chemical resistance and electric ...
Get Price2021-5-22 · X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an effective method for identifying the phases present in unknown polycrystalline powders. The analysis is performed by comparing the diffraction pattern collected from an unknown sample with the diffraction patterns of known compounds. The automated process is called Search/Match (S/M) analysis. XRD is an important technique in the manufacture of ceramic materials.
Get Price2016-9-21 · The function of Refractory Material Author: sunrise Time: 2016-09-21 17:59 Refractoriness refers to refractory cone sample in which there is no load cases, resistance to high temperature function and not soften the Celsius temperature.
Get Price2021-1-22 · Fig. 3. Decrease in crystalline size as a function of milling time in stoichiometric WC composition. Fig. 4. XRD patterns of high energy ball milled W 4.2 wt.% C for 4 h at 10:1 BPR and milling speed of 300 rpm. S. Bolokang et al./Int. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials xxx (2009) xxx–xxx 3 ARTICLE IN PRESS
Get Price2004-3-31 · material • Measure the size ... constants or parameters which can be determined by XRD. Beryl crystals smallest building block Unit cell (cm) Lattice (Å) CsCl d 1 d 2 d 3 a b c b a g. Seven Crystal Systems - Review. Miller Indices: hkl - Review (010) Miller indices-the reciprocals of the fractional interceptswhich the plane
Get Price2021-5-3 · (XRD), and a Micro Raman Spectroscopy. One of the obtained samples was then tested as an additive in various amounts in a typical aluminosilicate refractory composition. The effects of these additions in bricks were evaluated, according to UNI EN 196/2005, in terms of thermo-physical and mechanical properties: diffusivity,
Get Price2020-11-29 · For smaller samples, the patterns determined using XRD analysis can be used to determine a sample’s composition. There is a large database of elements, compounds, and minerals that contain the diffraction patterns for elements, compounds, and minerals. The pattern for an unknown compound can be compared to the literature and experimentally ...
Get Price2020-5-6 · investigated material have a significant influence on creep [1-9]. The behaviour of refractory materials under high temperature load is highly affected by the presence of a glassy phase. The effect of a glassy phase is concentrated at grain boundaries and is expressed by changes of the boundary rheological properties of the system
Get PriceThe XRD data for each material are provided and discussed in the appendix. The films were grown on both MgO and Si substrates and the as grown film quality was found to be rather insensitive to the substrate type, though minor variations in the values of Re(ε) and Im(ε) were found to result from the change of substrate.
Get Price2019-5-26 · The experimental results showed that a good refractory material with refractoriness of 1660 °C, bulk density of 2.92 g/cm 3, apparent porosity of 1.82%, and compressive strength of 100.61 MPa could be obtained when the slag was sintered with addition of 20 wt % sintered magnesia at 1350 °C for 3 h. Due to the low production cost and property ...
Get Price2020-8-6 · porosity of the materials contributes to the mechanical strength and density of refractory material. The properties of fly ash are suitable for use in refractory and ceramic industries [1], and can thus be used as an alternative lower-cost material to alumina. Kaolin is a mineral extensively used in the medical and engineering industries [38,39].
Get Price2014-5-22 · chrome refractory material at temperatures above 1500°C, but that ... Wear of magnesia-chrome refractory bricks as a function of matte temperature ... (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), inductively coupled plasma optical
Get PriceX-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) is a technique used in materials science to determine the crystallographic structure of a material. XRD works by irradiating a material with incident X-rays and then measuring the intensities and scattering angles of the X-rays that leave the material [1].
Get Price2017-1-5 · XRD and SEM examination of powder bed after 30 min reduction time in dry hydrogen at 750 °C (sodium addition). Pos. Colour Phases in XRD and SEM Résumé (XRD + SEM) 1 Grey W, WO 2, Na-bronze (cub) Tungsten metal formed 2 Golden Na-bronze (tet), W, β-W, WO 2 Lumps of blocky Na-bronzes, W, cubes of β-W and WO 2 3 Orange Na-bronze (tet), WO
Get PriceFrom the precise lattice parameter calculation (Supplementary material Sec. S3) using the Nelson–Riley function, it was confirmed that the Laves phase has a cubic structure (C15). From the XRD analysis, it can be inferred that the formation of two BCC phases is similar to the phase formation in MA powder.
Get Price2021-3-26 · Refractory lining failure of damaged magnesia bricks and used alumina bricks was investigated by XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS analysis and computational thermochemistry (phase diagrams). In addition, the effect of oxygen partial pressure towards the refractory lining and alkali sulphate ratio were also determined.
Get Price2018-4-25 · cordierite as the component of refractory material by several of Al 2 O 3 mole ratio from 2 to 1.4. They found that Al 2 O 3 mole ratio to 1.4, resulted in bulk density to reach the maximum value of 2.5 kg·m-3, which is close to the value for dense cordierite ceramic. Sembiring, et.al [24] found that addition of 15 - 30 % alumina, resulted thermal
Get Price2021-6-4 · X-ray diffraction (XRD) is one of the most important non-destructive tools to analyze all kinds of matter—ranging from fluids, to powders and crystals. From research to production and engineering, XRD is an indispensable method for materials characterization and quality control.
Get PriceFrom the precise lattice parameter calculation (Supplementary material Sec. S3) using the Nelson–Riley function, it was confirmed that the Laves phase has a cubic structure (C15). From the XRD analysis, it can be inferred that the formation of two BCC phases is similar to the phase formation in MA powder.
Get Price2017-2-27 · 3.3. X-ray diffraction (XRD) The prepared nano-particles were characterized by XRD using a Bruker D8 DISCOVER (Germany) device. The diffraction patterns Fig. 3. EDS spectra and corresponding SEM image taken from different sample positions. 62 R.K. Barik et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 38 (2013) 60–66
Get Price2016-9-13 · Refractory metals are widely used in modern materials science as basic elements for coatings with high functional properties, such as nitride coatings. Improvingtheproperties of such coatings using multi-component or multilayered systems is a very actual task nowadays. Ion-plasmadepositionorcoating'sdepositionusingvacuumarccath-
Get Price2018-4-25 · cordierite as the component of refractory material by several of Al 2 O 3 mole ratio from 2 to 1.4. They found that Al 2 O 3 mole ratio to 1.4, resulted in bulk density to reach the maximum value of 2.5 kg·m-3, which is close to the value for dense cordierite ceramic. Sembiring, et.al [24] found that addition of 15 - 30 % alumina, resulted thermal
Get Price2013-12-24 · Production of MgO-X Refractory Material with Cellular Matrix by Colloidal Processing 85. 2.1.2. Mg, Si and Metallic Alloys . According to the literature survey the use of Mg as anti-oxidant is elaborated in smaller extents. Mg is con- sidered to be a good anti-oxidant material due the forma- tion of a dense protective layer, but the potential ...
Get Price2017-5-16 · These refractory metals and alloys offer a wide range of properties which make them advantageous for high temperature applications over other materials. Sintered tungsten is an excellent material for many applications such as lightings, heating, aerospace, electronic, sports and military uses due to its high melting point, high
Get Price2018-11-1 · In the present work, the chemical, mineralogical, refractory, and microstructural characterizations of kaolinites from the Huayacocotla-Alumbres region, which is between Veracruz and Hidalgo border, by X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarization optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), refractoriness proof (pyrometric cone equivalent), and thermogravimetric analysis …
Get PriceMicrostructural Investigation of Oxidized Complex Refractory High Entropy Alloys Kai-Chi Lo1,2, An-Chou Yeh1, +and Hideyuki Murakami2,3, 1Frontier Materials & Engineering Alloys Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R. O. C.
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